Main components of a battery storage system
The most essential elements of a battery storage system include the following components and their respective functions:
1. Air conditioning and ventilation system maintain a constant temperature of 25 degrees inside the container to ensure optimum performance and lifespan of the battery storage system.
2. Container: The container size varies depending on the installed storage capacity, integrated components (e.g. in case of an integrated inverter) and local conditions. They contain the storage modules.
3. The inverter converts stored direct current (DC) into alternating current (AC) suitable for the power grid. Bidirectional signifies that the reverse conversion of alternating current into direct current is also possible.
4. The transformer converts voltage between medium and low voltage to enable the flow of electricity between the battery storage system and the power grid. In comparison to dry-type transformers which do not require liquid insulating materials to dissipate heat loss, oil transformers use oil to insulate and dissipate heat loss.
5. Storage modules are arranged in racks and consist of lithium-ion batteries (here lithium-nickel-manganese-cobalt oxides). Li-NMC batteries have a high energy density and can therefore store more energy per unit volume or weight. They are also characterized by a long service life.